cover image of European Remembrance Symposium 2026 project

    14th European Remembrance Symposium

    Memory Wars: Facts, Disinformation and the Politics of Remembrance

    Dates: 27—29 May 2026
    Venue: Art Nouveau Moyzes Hall in the main building of the Faculty of Arts, Comenius University, Bratislava.

    Memory founds communities: it can shape group and national identities, and provide a moral framework, sustaining values and a sense of historical continuity. Yet societies can also be fractured by memory, becoming both the object and the tool of political strife, and even a weapon in the context of hybrid warfare. As geopolitical tensions intensify, the contest over how history is interpreted has emerged as one of the critical arenas of contemporary power struggles. Likewise, within national contexts, collective memory is increasingly central in conflicts between polarised political camps.

    At the upcoming 14th European Remembrance Symposium, we will explore the antagonistic potential of memory and the mechanisms through which it is weaponised in the context of contemporary war. On the one hand, we will reflect on the nature of collective memory, set within the dynamics of early 21st century Europe, and on how conflict and political struggle have shaped it. On the other hand, we will examine how memory is used as an instrument of conflict internationally, including in relation to warfare conducted by the Russian Federation. Which areas of life are being targeted? Through which media and institutions is this strategy implemented and how is this expressed culturally?

    Finally, we will address the question of unity and division within Europe. We will ask how divergent memories of the dark chapters of Europe’s past – for example, the totalitarian regimes, Nazism and communism, the two world wars, genocide and occupation, and the legacies of imperialism and colonialism – divide European societies today and shape memory dissonances across the continent. In the face of diverse historical experiences and contemporary challenges – from the military threat posed by Russia in Eastern Europe to mass migration and economic crises in the West – is there a shared sense of participating in the same war, and is Europe capable of acting in a unified way to meet the threat?

    Registration

    Participation in the conference is free of charge but registration is obligatory.
    Click here.
     

    Programme

    Day 1 – Wednesday 27 May
    Moyzes Hall and Atrium

    14:00–15:00     Registration

    15:00–15:30     Opening speeches


    15:30–16:00     Keynote speech
    Prof. Catherine Horel
    – Research Director at CNRS/CETOBAC-Paris, President of the International Committee for Historical Sciences

    16:00–17:30      Opening panel: Memory – Power – Conflict
    Memory as a tool for creating conflict. Memory politics and geopolitics of memory. What role does memory play in today’s political tensions? How do historical specificity and circumstances influence the weaponisation and manipulation of history? Are memory policies and memory conflicts the specialty of post-authoritarian Eastern Europe, or are memory struggles and memory strategies inherent to all democracies, including those in Western Europe?


    Moderator: Prof. Jay Winter, Yale University, USA
    Speakers:
    Dr. Dovilė Budrytė, Georgia Gwinnett College and Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
    Prof. Tuomas Forsberg, Tampere University, Finland
    Prof. Catherine Horel, International Committee for Historical Sciences, France
    Prof. Ruxandra Ivan, University of Bucharest, Romania
    Prof. Arkady Rzegocki, Jagiellonian University, Poland

    17:30—18:00    Coffee break

    18:00—19:00    Turbo presentations
    During the turbo presentations, participants showcase their organisation or project to the symposium’s audience. Each speaker has up to 120 seconds. The topics have to be connected with the general theme of the symposium.
    Read more about the Turbo Presentations.

    19:00—22:00   Reception dinner


    Day 2 – Thursday 28 May

    08:30–09:30     Registration

    09:30–11:00     Parallel workshops at Umelka Gallery
    1.    Memory at War: The Power Of Disinformation – workshop held by Marcin Sikorski
    Memory as a tool in hybrid warfare. Examples of disinformation and propaganda strategies using various media, along with possible counter-measures.
    2.    Disinformation in the Field of Education – workshop held by Urszula Bijoś (ENRS) and Michal Keim (UPN)
    Participants will learn practical tools and critical thinking strategies to help counter false and misleading content in educational settings.
    3.    Before the next viral lie: Teaching media literacy in high schools with "HistoriCall" – workshop held by Florian Tuder (House of European History)
    The workshop explores disinformation through history, psychology, and media, euqipping students with tools to strenghten critical thinking and digital literacy. 

    11:00–11:30      Coffee break

    11:30–13:30      Case studies

    Moderator: Joana Orłoś, European Network Remembrance and Solidarity
    Speakers:
    • Iratxe Momoitio Astorkia, Gernika Peace Museum, Spain
     Cecilia Badano, LRE Foundation

    Dr. Lukáš Holata, the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, Czech Republic
    • Dr. Olha Mukha, Resilience & Reconstruction, Ukraine
    Dr. Pavol Hardoš, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia
    • Sebastian Zilm, Robert Havemann Society, Germany

    13:30–14:30      Lunch

    14:30—19:00    Cultural Visits:
    • Devin Castle – historical walk and visiting of the exhibition ‘Attention, Border!’
    • A guided walk following the traces of StB surveillance of foreign diplomats
    • Historical guided tour of Bratislava City Centre


    Day 3 – Friday 29 May

    09:30—11:00    Parallel workshops at Umelka Gallery
    1.    “Memory at War: The Power of Disinformation” 
    – workshop held by Marcin Sikorski
     Memory as a tool in hybrid warfare. Examples of disinformation and propaganda strategies using various media, along with possible counter-measures.
    2.    “Disinformation in the Field of Education” – workshop held by Urszula Bijoś (ENRS) and Michal Keim (UPN)
    Participants will learn practical tools and critical thinking strategies to help counter false and misleading content in educational settings.

    11:00—11:30     Coffee break

    11:30–13:30      Panel discussion: Dissonances of Memory: Europe united or divided?
    Eighty years after the Second World War and more than three decades since the end of the Cold War, is memory in Europe shared or divided? What kinds of dissonances in European memory are we dealing with, given different historical experiences and contemporary challenges faced by states in Eastern and Western Europe? In the face of the threat posed by Russia, does Europe form a united front?


    Moderator: Pavol Demeš, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, civic activist, Slovakia
    Speakers:
    Prof. Mark Bassin, Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, Södertörn University, Stockholm, Sweden
      Dr. Georgi Georgiev, Institute for Human Sciences/Central European University, Vienna
      Prof. Dr. Heidi Hein-Kircher, Martin Opitz Library Herne, Ruhr University Bochum

    • Prof. Andrzej Nowak, Jagiellonian University, Warsaw, Poland

    13:30—13:45     Closing remarks

    13:45—14:45    Lunch

    Speakers

    Profile image of Cecilia Badano Profile image of Cecilia Badano

    Cecilia Badano

    Cecilia Badano holds an MSc in communication science from the University of Amsterdam. For over five years, she has been dedicated to connecting younger generations with the history of the Second World War at the LRE Foundation – a growing international network uniting people and organisations committed to preserving the cultural heritage, memory and meaning of the Second World War. There, Badano drives communications and events while working alongside her team on youth and art projects, remembrance itineraries and professional networking initiatives.

    Profile image of Dr Mark Bassin Profile image of Dr Mark Bassin

    Dr Mark Bassin

    Dr Mark Bassin is the Baltic Sea professor of the history of ideas at Södertörn University, Stockholm, and visiting professor of Eurasian studies at the Institute for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Uppsala University. His research focuses on the history of geopolitics and spatial discourses of identity and politics in Russia and Germany. His most recent book, The Gumilev Mystique (Ithaca, NY, 2016), was awarded the Reginald Zelnik Prize by the Association for East European and Eurasian Studies.

    Profile image of Urszula Bijoś Profile image of Urszula Bijoś

    Urszula Bijoś

    Urszula Bijoś is a senior project coordinator and team leader as well as a historian, educator, webinar host and teacher trainer. She holds an MA in history from the Institute of History at the University of Warsaw. She creates online teaching resources and develops content for onsite training modules. She is a co-author of the Cities of Memory guidebooks on sites of memory in Berlin and Bucharest. At the ENRS, she coordinates the ‘Hi-Story Lessons’ online platform, which offers ready-to-use educational resources designed to counter disinformation and strengthen digital literacy and critical-thinking skills among young people.

    Profile image of Dr Dovilė Budrytė Profile image of Dr Dovilė Budrytė

    Dr Dovilė Budrytė

    Dr Dovilė Budrytė comes from Vilnius and currently lives in Atlanta. A professor of political science at Georgia Gwinnett College, she also serves as invited researcher at Vytautas Kavolis Transdisciplinary Research Institute at Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania). Her research interests include memory politics, trauma, Holocaust justice and gender studies. In 2022–24, she served as the president of the Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies (AABS). She currently serves as editor-in-chief of Lituanus, a multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal.

    Profile image of Dr Tuomas Forsberg Profile image of Dr Tuomas Forsberg

    Dr Tuomas Forsberg

    Dr Tuomas Forsberg is professor of international relations at Tampere University. He served as the director of the Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies (2018–23) and as deputy director of the Centre of Excellence in Russian Studies (2012–17) at the Aleksanteri Institute, University of Helsinki. His research focuses on European security but he also writes on memory politics in international relations. His most recent book, co-written with Magnus Christiansson, is NATO’s Northern Enlargement: Finland and Sweden’s Path to Membership (Bristol, 2025).

    Profile image of Georgi Georgiev Profile image of Georgi Georgiev

    Georgi Georgiev

    Georgi Georgiev is a historian of technology who explores the intersection of technology and politics through a multidisciplinary lens, drawing on science and technology studies, media archaeology and sound studies. His extensive research in Cold War technical documentation has resulted in publications on techniques for suppressing unwanted information and shifts in surveillance regimes. His current research focuses on the history of disinformation and perceptions of time in wartime radio propaganda.

    Profile image of Dr Heidi Hein-Kircher Profile image of Dr Heidi Hein-Kircher

    Dr Heidi Hein-Kircher

    Dr Heidi Hein-Kircher has been director of Martin Opitz Library Herne and professor for German Culture and History at Ruhr University Bochum since 2024. She earned her PhD at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (2000) and her habilitation degree at Philipps-University Marburg (2018). Between 2003 and 2024 she was researcher and head of department at Herder-Institute for Historical Research on East Central Europe. She focuses on memory cultures and history politics, among others.

    Profile image of Dr Lukáš Holata Profile image of Dr Lukáš Holata

    Dr Lukáš Holata

    Dr Lukáš Holata is the lead author of the virtual-reality educational simulation Gulag Prisoner, designed to help younger audiences understand how totalitarian systems function and to strengthen democratic resilience. He was a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow at the University of Exeter (2016–17) and completed the International Visitor Leadership Program at the US Department of State (2021). He currently works at the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes and Charles University, both in Prague.

    Profile image of Dr Catherine Horel Profile image of Dr Catherine Horel

    Dr Catherine Horel

    Dr Catherine Horel is the research director at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique/Centre d’études turques, ottomanes, balkaniques et centrasiatiques (CNRS/CETOBaC), Paris. She is president of the International Committee for Historical Sciences (ICHS) and an external member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. She specialises in contemporary Central European history and focuses on the Habsburg Empire and Hungary, their socio-political structures and urban, military and Jewish history. One of her latest publications, Multicultural Cities of the Habsburg Empire 1880–1914: Imagined Communities and Conflictual Encounters (Budapest, 2023), was awarded the Vienna Prize for Urban Research in 2025.

    Profile image of Dr Ruxandra Ivan Profile image of Dr Ruxandra Ivan

    Dr Ruxandra Ivan

    Dr Ruxandra Ivan is associate professor at the Department of Political Science, University of Bucharest, where she teaches international politics, Romanian foreign policy, theories of international relations and EU policies. She holds a PhD in political science from the Université Libre de Bruxelles and coordinates PhD theses at the University of Bucharest. She held the position of State Counsellor for European Affairs at the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Romania. She has published extensively in the field of international relations.

    Profile image of Michal Keim Profile image of Michal Keim

    Michal Keim

    Michal Keim is the head of the Department of Research and Education at the Nation’s Memory Institute (ÚPN) in Slovakia. A historian, educator, former teacher and teacher trainer, Keim has over a decade of experience in non-formal education. Currently he leads the Slovak team for the UNESCO project ‘Addressing Antisemitism through Education’, where he leverages his extensive expertise to promote historical awareness, democratic values, human rights, inquiry-based learning and critical thinking.

    Profile image of Dr Olha Mukha Profile image of Dr Olha Mukha

    Dr Olha Mukha

    Dr Olha Mukha is a cultural analyst, philosopher and expert in international and crisis communication and memory studies. She is the head of Educational and International Department at the Territory of Terror Memorial Museum, co founder and board director of Resilience & Reconstruction in London. She has curated public projects, such as ‘Dialogues on War’, ‘Unseen Force’, ‘Lost Childhood’ and ‘Wounded Culture’. Mukha has worked for UNESCO and PEN International.

    Profile image of Iratxe Momoitio Profile image of Iratxe Momoitio

    Iratxe Momoitio

    Iratxe Momoitio studied philosophy and literature at the University of Deusto in Bilbao and completed her postgraduate training in museums, cultural management and memory policies. She has directed the Gernika Peace Museum since its foundation in 1998. Her research focuses on the bombing of Guernica, the Spanish Civil War and memory studies. She publishes internationally, coordinates exhibitions and projects and actively participates in global museum, peace and memory networks.

    Profile image of Andrzej Nowak Profile image of Andrzej Nowak

    Andrzej Nowak

    Andrzej Nowak is professor at the Institute of History of Jagiellonian University and the Polish Academy of Sciences. His main research interests include imperial studies, cultural and political history, as well as political ideas in Russia and Eastern Europe, geopolitics and historical memory policies. He has published over 30 books, including History and Geopolitics: A Contest for Eastern Europe; History of Poland, vols 1–7. He is a member of the ENRS Academic Council and the Institute of National Remembrance Council. He has received many awards and honours, including the Order of the White Eagle, Poland’s highest and oldest order. Since August 2025 he has been an advisor to the President of Poland.

    Profile image of Arkady Rzegocki Profile image of Arkady Rzegocki

    Arkady Rzegocki

    Arkady Rzegocki is a professor at the Jagiellonian University. He was Ambassador of the Republic of Poland to the United Kingdom (2016–21), head of the Polish Foreign Service (2021–23) and Ambassador of the Republic of Poland to Ireland (2023–24). His book Open Diplomacy: How to Effectively Pursue the Reason of State (Cracow, 2025). recently been published.

    Profile image of Marcin Sikorski Profile image of Marcin Sikorski

    Marcin Sikorski

    Marcin Sikorski is a Smart Technology expert and advocate with over 12 years of experience in the Smart Technology sector. His expertise spans artificial intelligence, blockchain, business development, and international business relations, with a particular focus on collaboration with China. Since 2013, he has partnered with global brands across sectors such as AI, 5G, automotive, and nuclear energy, advising on quality assurance and best practices. He serves as a strategic advisor of the Future Industry Platform and is a former member of the Ministry of Digital Affairs IoT Working Group. In addition, he has published three books and 14 professional publications, delivers 250 hours of AI training annually, and cooperates with more than 50 companies worldwide.

    Profile image of Florian Tuder Profile image of Florian Tuder

    Florian Tuder

    Florian Tuder works at the House of European History where he develops digital materials for educators in Europe to support their teaching of European history. Previously he worked in the field of education in Austria and Belgium for schools, non-profits and the private sector. Tuder’s academic background is in education, theology and European studies at universities in Austria, Romania and Belgium. This is complemented with certifications in e-learning and instructional design (Harvard University and the University of Washington).

    Profile image of Jay Winter Profile image of Jay Winter

    Jay Winter

    Jay Winter is Charles J. Stille Professor of History emeritus at Yale University, New Haven, CT. He is author of Sites of memory, sites of mourning: The Great War in European cultural history (1995), editor of America and the Armenian Genocide (2008) and editor-in-chief of the three-volume Cambridge history of the First World War, published in 2014 in English, French and Chinese. He has received honorary doctorates from the University of Graz, the Katholic University of Leuven and the University of Paris – VIII. In 2017 he received the Victor Adler Prize of the Austrian government for a lifetime’s work in history.

    Profile image of Sebastian Zilm Profile image of Sebastian Zilm

    Sebastian Zilm

    Sebastian Zilm was born and raised in Berlin. He studied politics and history in Greifswald and Berlin. Today, he works for the Robert Havemann Society, where he develops exhibitions, events and public programmes that connect the history of opposition and resistance in the GDR with contemporary debates on democracy and human rights. His work focuses on archives, civic engagement and international exchange with dissident movements.

    Project Coordinator

    The coordinator of the 14th European Remembrance Symposium is Maria Naimska.
    Contact: maria.naimska@enrs.eu

    Read more about Maria.

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