The Day of the Victims of Communist Regime is observed in Czechia on 27 June.
It was on this day in 1950 that Milada Horáková, a Czechoslovak politician was executed by the communist authorities on a fabricated charges of conspiracy and treason.
Since her youth, Horáková was a social and political activits. At the age of 17, in the last year of the First World War, she was expelled from school for taking part in an anti-war demonstration. As an adult, she campaigned for social justice and the role of women in society.
During the Second World War, she joined the underground resistance movement. She was sent to the concentration camp at Terezin and then various prisons in Germany due to her pre-war political activity.
After the liberation of Czechoslovakia in 1945, she joined the re-constituted Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and was elected to the National Assembly. She fought for preservation of Czechoslovakia's democratic institutions.
Shortly after the communist coup of 1948, she resigned in protest from the parliament, but decided not to flee from Czechoslovakia. On 27 September 1949, she was arrested and accused of being the leader of an alleged plot to overthrow the communist regime, which led to her execution the next year.